Exploring Themes and Characters in The Submission

Amy Waldman’s “The Submission” offers a nuanced exploration of post-9/11 America, addressing themes and characters that challenge readers to examine their perceptions. The novel’s narrative focuses on an architectural competition for a Ground Zero memorial, raising questions about identity, prejudice, and reconciliation in a nation grappling with trauma.

Through her characters and their interactions, Waldman reflects broader societal issues, encouraging readers to consider the implications of personal biases and the possibility of understanding amid division.

Key Themes

“The Submission” examines themes of identity and belonging, exploring how individuals and communities navigate cultural and religious diversity. The central conflict arises from the selection of a Muslim architect, Mohammad Khan, to design the memorial, which sparks a national debate. This scenario highlights the tension between personal identity and public perception, as Khan’s heritage becomes a focal point for scrutiny and prejudice. Waldman explores how identity can simultaneously inspire pride and attract discrimination, prompting readers to reflect on their own assumptions.

Reconciliation is another significant theme, as characters confront tragedy and the challenge of moving forward. Waldman depicts the difficulty of finding common ground amidst differing perspectives, emphasizing the importance of dialogue and empathy. The novel suggests that reconciliation requires confronting uncomfortable truths and engaging in meaningful conversations. Through her characters, Waldman illustrates the potential for healing when individuals remain open to understanding diverse viewpoints.

Power dynamics also shape the narrative, as Waldman examines how authority and influence affect public discourse and decision-making. The novel explores how power can manipulate narratives and shape outcomes, raising questions about who defines history and whose voices are heard. This theme resonates in the context of media representation and the role of journalism in shaping public opinion. Waldman encourages readers to consider the effects of power on societal structures and the need to hold authority accountable.

Character Analysis

Mohammad Khan, the architect selected to design the memorial, serves as the catalyst for the novel’s central conflict. Khan is portrayed as a complex character, balancing vulnerability and resilience under intense public scrutiny. His internal struggle with identity and external pressures adds depth to his character, making him more than a symbol of controversy. Waldman portrays his dedication to architecture and desire to be seen beyond his heritage, inviting readers to empathize with his predicament.

Claire Burwell, a widow of a 9/11 victim and a member of the jury selecting the memorial design, provides a counterbalance to Khan. Initially supportive of his design, Claire’s perspective evolves as she contends with her grief and external pressures. Through her, Waldman explores the nuances of personal loss and societal expectations. Her journey reflects the tension between personal convictions and public opinion, offering insight into the human capacity to adapt in the face of tragedy.

Paul Rubin, the head of the jury, represents the challenges of leadership and decision-making during crises. His interactions with Khan and Claire reveal his efforts to balance fairness with political considerations. Waldman uses his character to examine how those in power navigate the interplay between personal beliefs and public responsibilities, shedding light on the unseen pressures of decisions with far-reaching consequences.

Types of Symbolism

Amy Waldman incorporates symbolism to deepen the narrative and enhance its themes. Through visual, narrative, and character symbols, she provides insight into societal and personal conflicts.

Visual Symbols

The memorial design stands as a central visual symbol in the novel, representing both remembrance and the broader struggle with identity and acceptance. The garden design, with its serene and contemplative nature, contrasts with the chaos of 9/11, symbolizing the potential for peace and healing. This contrast invites readers to consider how art and architecture can process grief and foster reconciliation. The garden’s openness and inclusivity also serve as a metaphor for a multicultural society, challenging characters and readers to embrace diversity and unity.

Narrative Symbols

The novel’s structure mirrors the fragmented and multifaceted nature of post-9/11 America. By weaving together multiple perspectives, Waldman creates a mosaic of voices and experiences that symbolize the complexity of national identity. The shifting viewpoints emphasize the interconnectedness of personal and public narratives, underscoring the importance of understanding diverse perspectives. This technique highlights the idea that reconciliation and healing require acknowledging and integrating a range of voices.

Character Symbols

Characters in “The Submission” symbolize broader societal issues. Mohammad Khan represents the challenges faced by minorities in a post-9/11 world, where identity becomes a point of contention. His character reflects the struggle for acceptance and the tension between personal and public identities. Claire Burwell symbolizes those directly affected by tragedy, grappling with grief while seeking justice and understanding. Her evolution throughout the novel reflects the potential for personal growth and change. Through these characters, Waldman encourages readers to examine their own biases and the societal structures that shape perceptions and interactions.